Kamis, 19 November 2009
Minggu, 15 November 2009
frozen yogurt

frozen yogurt (also known as frozen yoghurt, froyo or frogurt) is a frozen dessert made from, or containing yogurt or other dairy products. It is slightly more tart than ice cream, as well as lower in fat (due to the use of milk instead of cream). It differs from ice milk (more recently termed low-fat or light ice cream), which does not include yogurt as an ingredient.
this , history of frozen yogurt :
frozen yogurt was introduced in the 1970s as a healthier alternative to ice cream but consumers complained about the tart taste and yogurt-like consistency. Manufacturers began production of a recipe that consumers would enjoy and frozen yogurt made a comeback in the 1980s, reaching sales of $25 million in 1986. In the early 1990s, frozen yogurt was 10% of the dessert market.
let's make foren yogurt :
Frozen yogurt usually consists of milk solids, milk fat, yogurt culture, sweetener, gelatin, corn syrup, coloring, and flavoring.
Milk fat comprises about 0.5-6% of the yogurt. Added in quantities inversely proportional to the amount of milk solids the milk fat lends richness to the yogurt. Milk solids account for 8-14% of the yogurt's volume providing lactose for sweetness and proteins for smoothness and increased resistance to melting.
Cane or beet sugar provides 15-17% of the yogurt's ingredients. In addition to adding sweetness, the sugar increases the volume of solid ingredients in the yogurt improving body and texture.
Animal and vegetable gelatins stabilize the yogurt reducing crystallization and increasing the temperature at which the yogurt will melt so that the frozen yogurt maintains a smooth consistency regardless of handling or temperature change.
frozen yogurt can be made in an ice cream machine but major companies often use assembly lines specifically dedicated to frozen yogurt production. The milk products and gelatin are combined and homogenized then cooled to 90 degrees Fahrenheit (32 degrees Celsius). At this temperature, the yogurt culture is added and the mixture is cooled to 40 degrees Fahrenheit (4 degrees Celsius). Once it has reached the desired temperature and viscosity the yogurt is allowed to sit in aging tanks for up to four hours. Sweeteners, colorings and flavorings are then mixed in and the yogurt mixture is cooled to 20 to 28 degrees Fahrenheit (-6 to -2 degrees Celsius). In order to create extra volume and smooth consistency, air is incorporated into the yogurt as the mixture is agitated. When a sufficient amount of air has been incorporated into the product the yogurt is rapidly frozen to prevent the formation of large ice crystals and stored in a cold place to be shippedSabtu, 14 November 2009
paper toys
1.folding
2.cutting
3.notching or gluing
complex paper toys are small engineered models or sculptures , simpler constructions may be equally appealing and have elaborate designs or decorations . some paper toys are delicate while others are quite durable . the selection runs from paper dolls and origami folded structures to replicas of famous buildings , machines and creatures . the most interesting, and possibly the most difficult paper toys to craft are paper toys that move - kinetic paper sculptures.
this the paper toys :')
On Friend
He is your field which you sow with love and reap with thanksgiving.
And he is your board and your fireside.
For you come to him with your hunger, and you seek him for peace.
When your friend speaks his mind you fear not the "nay" in your own mind, nor do you withhold the "ay."
And when he is silent your heart ceases not to listen to his heart;
For without words, in friendship, all thoughts, all desires, all expectations are born and shared, with joy that is unacclaimed.
When you part from your friend, you grieve not;
For that which you love most in him may be clearer in his absence, as the mountain to the climber is clearer from the plain.
And let there be no purpose in friendship save the deepening of the spirit.
For love that seeks aught but the disclosure of its own mystery is not love but a net cast forth: and only the unprofitable is caught.
And let your best be for your friend.
If he must know the ebb of your tide, let him know its flood also.
For what is your friend that you should seek him with hours to kill?
Seek him always with hours to live.
For it is his to fill your need, but not your emptiness.
And in the sweetness of friendship let there be laughter, and sharing of pleasures.
For in the dew of little things the heart finds its morning and is refreshed.


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